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This page features brief excerpts of news stories published by the mainstream media and, less frequently, blogs, alternative media, and even obviously biased sources. The excerpts are taken directly from the websites cited in each source note. Quotation marks are not used.

Highlights

Breaking News


This page features brief excerpts of news stories published by the mainstream media and, less frequently, blogs, alternative media, and even obviously biased sources. The excerpts are taken directly from the websites cited in each source note. Quotation marks are not used. Because most of our readers read the NYT we usually do not include the paper's stories in HIGHLIGHTS.

Name of source: Belfast Telegraph (UK)

SOURCE: Belfast Telegraph (UK) (3-3-10)

Thousands of years ago our Neolithic forebears were hunting wild game with flint arrows in the hills overlooking what is now Ballymena. Now they’re still making their presence felt, delaying a road dualling scheme that was aimed at easing congestion between the town and the M2.

The A26 Ballee Road East to M2 Ballymena bypass dualling scheme was due to be completed by the end of this month. But bad weather and the discovery of rare Neolithic remains have pushed that deadline back to late summer, costing tens of thousands of pounds.

The plan was to dig through a hill and use the material to build embankments elsewhere in the route. But when the topsoil was being stripped away, archaeologists uncovered a series of historical hotspots where more investigations needed to be carried out.

Many of the hotspots found by Archaeological Development Services Ltd during the topsoil stripping were isolated pits which contained burnt bone and Neolithic pottery.

But the big find was a rare Neolithic ring fort unearthed at just the point where the cutting was to be excavated — one of just four found so far in Ireland. This was investigated by 20 archaeologists for eight weeks.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:55

Name of source: The Press and Journal (UK)

SOURCE: The Press and Journal (UK) (3-6-10)

Experts believe they have discovered another Iron Age power centre in Moray.

Yesterday National Museums of Scotland curator Dr Fraser Hunter said investigations at a field at Burghead have possibly revealed “a high-status site”.

The archaeologist said the remains of four Iron Age roundhouses could lie buried beneath the soil.

He said: “In combination with the finds that have been discovered at the site, it suggests that this is one of the more important areas, one of the power centres of the Burghead area.”

The exact location of the site at Burghead is being kept secret while further investigations are carried out....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:54

Name of source: Irish Examiner

SOURCE: Irish Examiner (3-8-10)

THE cyber age’s bid to spread its message into a pristine landscape has perished between a rock and a hard place in a Bronze Age valley.

Age-old archaeological remains are standing in the way of plans to bring modern internet communications to a scenic area of Kerry.

A telecommunications mast which would provide broadband to the mid-Kerry area would be a "new alien intrusion" on a very beautiful and almost pristine landscape.

That’s according to senior An Bord Pleanála inspector, Robert Ryan.

The area around the proposed location for a 12-metre mast at Coomasaharn, Glenbeigh, is "one of the most significant Bronze Age landscapes in the country," Kerry County Council also conceded.

The local authority noted the Glenbeigh area has the greatest concentration of ancient "rock art" in Ireland, with more than 100 recorded examples.

The Bronze Age dated from around 2200 BC to 500 BC....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:52

Name of source: Gulf Times (Qatar)

SOURCE: Gulf Times (Qatar) (3-8-10)

The Italian archaeological mission in Pakistan has discovered a large number of Buddhist sites and rock shelters in Kandak and Kota valleys of Barikot in Swat in the North West Frontier Province which depicted the carvings and paintings from the bronze and iron ages....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:51

Name of source: Reuters

SOURCE: Reuters (3-12-10)

Sotheby's will auction a painting by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot worth around $1.5 million after it was returned to the heirs of the original owners, Jewish bankers forced to flee Europe in World War Two.

"Jeune femme a la fontaine," which the auctioneer said ranked among the French artist's finest figure paintings of the 1860s and 1870s, will go under the hammer on June 2 in London as part of the 19th century paintings sale.

Sotheby's will be hoping that the provenance of the work, and its dramatic history, will boost its value, which it estimates at 800,000-1.2 million pounds.

Other works seized from Jewish families during the chaos of World War Two and returned to heirs of original owners include Gustav Klimt's "Kirche in Cassone," which fetched $43 million in February, an auction record for a landscape by the artist....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:50

Name of source: HamptonRoads.com

SOURCE: HamptonRoads.com (3-16-10)

...The Star-Spangled Banner Geotrail combines an activity called geocaching (pronounced GEO-cashing) with the upcoming 200th anniversary of the War of 1812. Designed by three organizations, each with slightly differing motives, the geotrail encircles the Chesapeake Bay and, at one point, pops out to Tangier Island.

Basically, here's how it works: Someone hides a cache in a location significant in the War of 1812. The coordinates of said cache are posted online, along with a few clues such as size, level of difficulty and ease of access. A handheld GPS unit will get players within about 10 feet of it, and then they have to hunt. After they find it, depending on what kind of cache it is, they sign the logbook inside it, take a trinket, leave a trinket, photograph themselves at the site, and announce their success to the world.

Coordinates for all the caches on the Star-Spangled Banner Geotrail were posted at the same time, and dedicated hobbyists were waiting for them. Scott Anders of Virginia Beach was the first to find the stash at Hoffler Creek, early in the morning, and he beat by only a few minutes a team known as "Eddie and Eddie." Others have followed in the days since.

Organizers hope that, while they were there, they read the historical marker titled "The Battle of Craney Island":

"On the morning of June 22, 1813, during the War of 1812, British naval and marine forces... landed here at Hoffler Creek. American armed militia... blocked the British advance.... Norfolk, Portsmouth and the Gosport Navy Yard, now the Norfolk Navy Yard, were saved from capture."

"It was a big victory for the U.S. forces," said Eleanor Mahoney, a spokesperson for the geotrail. "In this region, all over the place, everywhere you look, the British were there, especially along the rivers and communities along the Bay. Because we have the Civil War that was so prominent in Virginia and Maryland, people forget that this other conflict took place. It's really a fascinating story."...

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 17:49

Name of source: AFP

SOURCE: AFP (3-16-10)

Ruins in northern Israel previously thought to have been a synagogue have now been identified as a 7th century palace used by the Umayyad caliph who started construction of Jerusalem's Dome of the Rock, archaeologists said on Tuesday.

The site on the shores of the Sea of Galilee is that of the Al-Sinnabra palace, which was described by early Arab historians but whose precise location had long been unknown, according to Tel Aviv University, whose Institute of Archaeology led the recent excavations.

Archaeologists dug up the site in the early 1950s but identified it as the ruins of an ancient synagogue, a theory that was questioned in 2002 by a University of Chicago expert who identified the site as that of the Al-Sinnabra palace.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 16:31

Name of source: BBC

SOURCE: BBC (3-16-10)

Hundreds of Latvian veterans who fought on the side of Nazi Germany in World War II have held a peaceful march in the capital, Riga.

The veterans laid flowers at Riga's Freedom Monument. Police said about 1,000 people took part.

The annual march is a flashpoint for tension between the veterans and ethnic Russians whose relatives fought against the Nazis.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 16:24

SOURCE: BBC (3-16-10)

Three World War II veterans are among those to be given cash to return to their wartime locations after a new round of lottery grants were announced.

The men have received a share of grants of £7,925 from the Big Lottery Fund's 'Heroes Return 2' programme.

Alexander Jackson, from Tranent, Angus Galloway, from Edinburgh and James Peers, from Bearsden, will visit Italy, Canada and London respectively.

This summer marks the 65th anniversary of the end of the war.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:59

SOURCE: BBC (3-16-10)

A US Congressional committee will vote later on a bill providing long-term healthcare for emergency workers who fell ill after working at Ground Zero.

Campaigners say 800 people died as a result of exposure to toxic materials at the site of the 9/11 attacks, and more than 10,000 are sick.

Thousands of rescue and recovery workers became severely ill after working in the debris.

Many have respiratory diseases and some have developed cancer.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:36

SOURCE: BBC (3-5-10)

A relative of a Swansea soldier whose story helped inspire a memorial to the tunnellers killed in World War I has been traced ahead of its unveiling.

Historians were desperate to invite any descendents of Thomas Collins, who was buried alive below No Man's Land, to the ceremony in France later this year.

But until a public appeal earlier this month they were unsure if any existed.

Not only have they traced Pte Collins's nephew John Abraham, they also now have a colour photograph of him.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 14:00

SOURCE: BBC (3-15-10)

A fire which destroyed a church in the fenland area of Cambridgeshire is being treated as suspicious.

The fire broke out mid-morning at the 19th Century church of St Mary's at Westry on the outskirts of March.

Only the external brickwork remains and the building has been deemed structurally unsound.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:57

SOURCE: BBC (3-15-10)

A war hero's Battle of Britain medals have been gifted to a museum on the site of the former Cambridgeshire airfield he was based at.

Wing Commander George Blackwood served at RAF Duxford during World War II with the 310 Squadron - the first completely Czech fighter squadron.

He received the Defence Medal, George Star, Aircrew Europe Star and Czech War Cross and Czech Military Medal.

His family gave the collection to Imperial War Museum Duxford later.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:55

SOURCE: BBC (3-15-10)

Raoul Wallenberg was a heroic Swedish diplomat who made history by assisting and saving thousands of Jews in Budapest during the Holocaust. But Wallenberg was arrested by the Soviet Union and disappeared into the Gulag, never to return home to his family, or his own future.

One of the most admired figures from Holocaust history, Raoul Wallenberg is also one of the most enigmatic. Why did this scion of Sweden's most important family go to Budapest to save Jews during the Holocaust? And, once there, what did he actually do to save lives?

As a young Swedish diplomat serving in Budapest during the Second World War he saved thousands of Jews by providing them with "protective passports" issued by Sweden's government.

But, at the war's end, he was spirited away by the Soviets and died, if their reports are to be believed, on 17 July 1947 somewhere in the cavernous, pitiless surroundings of the KGB's Lubyanka Prison in central Moscow.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:48

SOURCE: BBC (3-14-10)

Archaeologists hope to find signs of an old Viking town during excavations in Norfolk.

The dig at the Anchor Hotel in Bridge Street, Thetford, is being carried out ahead of a possible redevelopment of the area.

The proximity of the Little Ouse river means there is every likelihood of well preserved remains under the car park, Breckland District Council said.

It is expected the work will take up to six weeks, depending on what is found.


Sunday, March 14, 2010 - 19:28

Name of source: NYT

SOURCE: NYT (3-15-10)

The Texas Board of Education, notorious for its past efforts to undermine the teaching of evolution in public schools, has now moved to revise the social studies curriculum to portray conservative ideas and movements in a more positive light and emphasize the role of Christianity in the nation’s founding.

It was a disturbing intervention by the board’s Republican majority into educational decisions best left to the teachers and scholars who have toiled for almost a year to produce the new curriculum standards....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 14:30

SOURCE: NYT (3-15-10)

William John Scott is a freshman at Drew University. He studies political science. He plays defense on the lacrosse team. He describes himself on Facebook as a night person who likes to party.

But federal prosecutors say he is something else: a busy archives thief who stole famous letters written by a founder of the United Methodist Church and world leaders, including Abraham Lincoln and Madame Chiang Kai-Shek.

Mr. Scott pilfered the letters while working part time at the university archives, the prosecutors said. He sold some of them for thousands of dollars, and left others sitting in a dresser drawer, where F.B.I. agents found them after executing a search warrant of his dorm room on Saturday. (On Facebook, Mr. Scott says he likes to keep the room “not a complete mess.”)

Mr. Scott was arrested on Sunday as the bus bringing his lacrosse team back from spring break rolled into Drew’s campus in Madison, N.J.

“He looked utterly surprised, like we were,” said Tyler Morse, a junior on the team who saw Mr. Scott escorted off the bus by the university’s head of public safety, into the car of F.B.I. agents....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:02

SOURCE: NYT (3-12-10)

After three days of turbulent meetings, the Texas Board of Education on Friday approved a social studies curriculum that will put a conservative stamp on history and economics textbooks, stressing the superiority of American capitalism, questioning the Founding Fathers’ commitment to a purely secular government and presenting Republican political philosophies in a more positive light.

The vote was 10 to 5 along party lines, with all the Republicans on the board voting for it.

The board, whose members are elected, has influence beyond Texas because the state is one of the largest buyers of textbooks. In the digital age, however, that influence has diminished as technological advances have made it possible for publishers to tailor books to individual states.

In recent years, board members have been locked in an ideological battle between a bloc of conservatives who question Darwin’s theory of evolution and believe the Founding Fathers were guided by Christian principles, and a handful of Democrats and moderate Republicans who have fought to preserve the teaching of Darwinism and the separation of church and state.

Since January, Republicans on the board have passed more than 100 amendments to the 120-page curriculum standards affecting history, sociology and economics courses from elementary to high school. The standards were proposed by a panel of teachers.

Monday, March 15, 2010 - 10:07

SOURCE: NYT (3-12-10)

At Gen. Augusto Pinochet’s funeral, one of his grandsons, an Army captain also named Augusto Pinochet, gave a eulogy so defiant and aggressive that he was cashiered the next day. Earlier, as the general lay in state in his dress uniform and Chileans filed by his casket to pay their last respects, the grandson of another general, assassinated by Pinochet’s secret police, spat on the former dictator’s cadaver full in the face.

That was barely three years ago, and it suggested that the ghost of General Pinochet, who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990 and continued as army commander until 1998, would be hard to exorcise. But the scenes of Chileans’ embracing soldiers who aided in rescue and reconstruction efforts after the huge earthquake last month make all that divisiveness seem an eternity ago.

“This disaster was so immense that what people are seeking above all now is stability,” said Gregory B. Weeks, author of “The Military and Politics in Postauthoritarian Chile” and a professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. “This is the first real troop presence since the end of the dictatorship, and obviously raises a certain amount of nervousness. But it marks a return to a normal civil-military relationship.”...

Traditionally, Chileans are said to have had a cordial relationship with their military, at least in comparison with some other Latin American societies. That explains in part why the bloody coup that brought General Pinochet to power in 1973, and the extensive human rights violations that followed, were so traumatic for Chile....

Other Latin American societies also put their armed forces on a pedestal; the attraction of all things military is one plot line in the Peruvian Mario Vargas Llosa’s play “La Señorita de Tacna.” But Chile was always considered especially conservative in valuing order and stability. Even the Socialist Salvador Allende, whom General Pinochet overthrew, had military officers in his cabinet and staff; Ms. Bachelet’s father was one....

In January, Chile became the first South American country to join the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development, also known as “the rich countries club.” But that opportunity to project an image of modernity and prosperity was undermined last week when Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, visiting Santiago, handed out 25 satellite phones, including one to Ms. Bachelet.

“Chile wanted to be compared to Japan, not Haiti,” Mr. Navia said. “For a country that wants to prove it’s a developed country, accepting aid is complicated. It was the first response, and it was a mistaken response.”


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 09:53

SOURCE: NYT (3-12-10)

Brash and young though it is, the Tea Party movement has already added something distinctive to contemporary political discourse. It has made the Constitution central to the national conversation.

The content of the movement’s understanding of the Constitution is not always easy to nail down, and it is almost always arguable. But it certainly includes particular attention to the Constitution’s constraints on federal power (as reflected in the limited list of powers granted to Congress in Article I and reserved to the states and the people the 10th Amendment) and on government power generally (the Second Amendment’s protection of gun rights, the Fifth Amendment’s limits on the government’s taking of private property).

Not a few constitutional scholars say that it is possible to quarrel with the particulars while welcoming the discussion. And not just because it is nice to know that people read and care about the nation’s sacred text. The larger point, these scholars say, is that the Supreme Court should have no more monopoly on the meaning of the Constitution than the pope has on the meaning of the Bible....

Popular movements have often appealed to the Constitution in making their cases, and from time to time their views have altered the conventional understanding of the meaning of the constitutional text. Abolitionists and secessionists both invoked the Constitution before the Civil War; a century later, civil rights leaders appealed to principles of equal protection, and their opponents to states’ rights. Supporters and opponents of the New Deal pointed, respectively, to the reach of the Constitution’s commerce clause or to the Constitution’s protection of private contracts....

“The Tea Party movement is interesting in that there is a combination of localism, nativism and populism that we’ve seen at various points in America,” said Nathaniel Persily, a law professor at Columbia and an editor of “Public Opinion and Constitutional Controversy.” “It’s coalescing at a time when the government is growing to an unprecedented size.”...

A new study from Professor Persily and two colleagues, Jamal Greene and Stephen Ansolabehere, explored the political and cultural values of those who identified themselves as originalists. Such people “appear more likely than non-originalists to be white, male, older, less educated, Southern and religious,” the study found. “They are less likely to favor abortion rights, affirmative action and marriage rights for same-sex couples, and more likely to favor torture and military detention of terrorism suspects and the death penalty. They are more likely to express morally traditionalist, hierarchical and libertarian cultural values.”...


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 09:46

Name of source: AP

SOURCE: AP (3-16-10)

Egypt's Culture Ministry says a team of archaeologists has unearthed two large red granite statues at the mortuary temple of one Egypt's most powerful pharaohs who ruled nearly 3,400 years ago.

A ministry statement Tuesday says the team discovered a 13-foot statue of Thoth, the ancient god of wisdom and the top part of a statue of Pharaoh Amenhotep III standing next to another god....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 12:37

SOURCE: AP (3-15-10)

Ernest Hemingway's Key West home, where the American author lived in the 1930s, has been designated a literary landmark.

Hemingway, who lived in the Spanish-colonial home with his second wife Pauline and their two sons, owned the property until his death in 1961. It became a museum honoring the Pulitzer and Nobel prize-winning author in 1964.

He worked on many of his best-known manuscripts in the Key West property's second-story writing studio.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:01

SOURCE: AP (3-12-10)

For more than 55 years, Savannah counted Ellis Square among its lost historic treasures.

Of the city's 22 public squares, Ellis Square was one of the first plotted in 1733. Since 1872, it was home to the City Market where farmers sold crops directly to shoppers.

Then came the wrecking ball. Ellis Square and the market were demolished in 1954 to make way for a new four-story parking garage. The loss was a flashpoint that galvanized citizens to organize Savannah's historic preservation movement.

Now, more than a half-century later, Ellis Square has been resurrected. The city spent nearly $32 million and more than four years bringing back the 1.5-acre square after razing the parking deck in 2005 and building an underground garage in its place.

"This is a proud day in the history of Savannah," Mayor Otis Johnson said after a brief ribbon-cutting ceremony held Thursday despite pouring rain. "It's been a long time coming."...

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 09:55

SOURCE: AP (3-15-10)

A town in Arizona is missing a 25-year-old bottle of brandy.

When officials in Somerton opened a time capsule Saturday, they discovered mementos from 1985 — but didn't find a bottle of Mexican brandy that was supposed to be in the capsule.

Somerton street and solid waste supervisor Pancho Soto was part of the crew that buried the time capsule....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 09:54

Name of source: Guardian (UK)

SOURCE: Guardian (UK) (3-9-10)

Film attempts to recreate the terror of the 1942 Rafle du Vel d'Hiv, in which 13,000 Jews were rounded up in Paris

When, in 1995, Joseph Weismann reflected on the chances of a film being made about the horrors he witnessed in the thick heat of a Parisian summer more than 50 years earlier, his answer was uttered through tears: "I don't think that anyone would ever dare."

Tomorrow, 15 years after his words were broadcast on television, and almost 70 years on from arguably the most terrible and taboo episode in modern French history, Weismann will be proved wrong. For the first time since 19 July 1942, when about 13,000 French Jews were rounded up by members of their own country's police force and locked inside a velodrome in western Paris, before being taken to concentration camps, a film director has attempted to recreate the terror of the Rafle du Vel d'Hiv.

A harrowing drama following the events of the Nazi-decreed raid through the eyes of a group of young children, La Rafle has been hailed as an important step in France's acknowledgment of its complicity in the crimes of the Occupation.

Its central character is Joseph Weismann, now 80, and one of the 4,051 children taken during the raids. Unlike almost all his compatriots, however, the 11-year-old managed to escape.

The director, Rose Bosch, whose husband's family were Jews in the same Parisian neighbourhood as Weismann, said she felt the film had to be made to shed light on one of the most sensitive chapters in wartime France. "Because it was so taboo and the story was so untold, I decided to do it," she said.

For Bosch, whose cast includes Mélanie Laurent, star of Inglourious Basterds, as a young Protestant nurse, appalled by what she witnesses in the velodrome, and later in a French-run transit camp, the shame lies not just in the scale of the killing and collaboration, but also from France's subsequent failure to confront it.

"[It is] the biggest stain in contemporary history and they have all been trying to scrub it out, all of them," she said, describing a photograph of a French transit camp, which Charles de Gaulle's government doctored to remove the clearly Gallic presence of a gendarme. "That's what [the round-up] represents: a big lie, something that was hidden, that people didn't known what to do about, like a hot potato in their hands."

After years of attempts by successive presidents of the republic to deny any French complicity in activities carried out during a period of foreign occupation, Jacques Chirac broke the silence in 1995, acknowledging the state's role in delivering "those it was protecting to their executioners" during the Rafle.

Writing in the Journal du Dimanche newspaper this week, Chirac said he had seen La Rafle, and that its powerful recreation of the round-up was a reminder that one of the chief principles of society had to be "the courage to declare ... that force should never prevail over law". While not the first film to touch on the round-up, La Rafle is the first to tackle it head-on.

It is not wholly damning of the French, with its focus alternating between eager collaborationists in the Paris police force and horrified members of the public and the authorities that attempted to resist orders.

Historians point out that while the scale was huge, it was barely half of the numbers requested by the Nazis, who wanted 25,000 Jews deported.

Weismann, who was urged by Simone Veil, the leading politician and Auschwitz survivor, to speak of his sufferings after years of silence, is now convinced of the need to pass on the experiences to future generations. "When I speak about it, it suffocates me, chokes me," he said. "It's important to tell this story to the youth of today. It is they who will write the story of tomorrow."


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:37

Name of source: Telegraph (UK)

SOURCE: Telegraph (UK) (3-12-10)

Two mass graves containing scores of people murdered by the Nazis during the Second World War have been found underneath an army football pitch in Austria, government officials said on Friday.

Some of the remains may be the bodies of US pilots shot down and imprisoned during the war.
Police Col. Rudolf Gollia, an interior ministry spokesman, said his ministry plans talks with the owners of the site to discuss exhumation.

The mass graves are located in bomb craters underneath the army sports field in the southern city of Graz. Officials said they contain about 70 bodies of victims killed by the SS to eliminate witnesses to Nazi atrocities shortly before Soviet troops arrived.

The graves were identified from wartime photos, made from US bombers, showing open graves and bodies.
A statement on the Austrian army website said up to 219 people were massacred at the location during the final days of the Second World War in an attempt to cover up atrocities committed there.

The site originally contained hundreds of victims but many were moved by the officer in charge of the wartime facility out of fears that he would be found responsible for the killing. The exhumation and reburials were stopped, however, because of the approach of the Soviet Army.

While the relocated bodies were subsequently found and given a proper burial, about 70 of the dead remained unaccounted until the discovery of the graves.

The army statement said that the investigation also established the identities of two suspected perpetrators who subsequently fled to Germany and could still be alive. It gave no details as to the suspect's identities.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:36

SOURCE: Telegraph (UK) (3-15-10)

The Mona Lisa's enigmatic smile was created by a special painting technique which tricks the eye into thinking the expression is changing, a study has claimed.

Austrian neurologists say analysis of the masterpiece shows her face appears to shift depending where a person focuses their gaze.

If her eyes are stared at, it appears she has a subtle smile on her lips. But if the onlooker shifts their gaze to her mouth, then the smile disappears.

Professor Florian Hutzler, a psychology expert at the Centre for Neurocognitive Research in Salzburg, said Leonardo da Vinci had used clever techniques to trick the viewer.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:31

SOURCE: Telegraph (UK) (3-16-10)

The Northern Ireland Affairs Committee said too many questions remained unanswered over how much the security services knew about the killers' movements around the time of the dissident republican attack 12 years ago and if police officers were left out of the loop.

Twenty-nine people, including a mother pregnant with twins, were killed when the Real IRA car bomb exploded in the Co Tyrone market town.

No one has been successfully convicted of the murders, but last year four men were found liable for the bombing in a landmark civil case taken by the victims' families.

The committee undertook an inquiry into the security services' role following claims in a BBC documentary that the Government's listening station GCHQ had monitored suspects' mobile phone calls as they drove to Omagh from the Irish Republic on the day of the atrocity in August 1998.

Panorama said this information was never passed to Royal Ulster Constabulary detectives assigned to the case.

While a subsequent review by Intelligence Services Commissioner Sir Peter Gibson rejected many of Panorama's assertions, committee chairman Sir Patrick Cormack said the bereaved still needed answers.

''Far too many questions remain unanswered,'' he said. ''The criminal justice system has failed to bring to justice those responsible for the Omagh bombing.

''The least that those who were bereaved or injured have the right to expect are answers to those questions.''...

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:07

SOURCE: Telegraph (UK) (2-15-10)

A raft of alleged inconsistencies in the evidence surrounding the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, has been published in a book by an investigative journalist.

Australian journalist John Morgan claimed he was disclosing a “tidal wave of evidence” that undermined the official conclusion that her death was an accident.

The inquest into the death of the Princess concluded that she and her boyfriend Dodi Fayed were unlawfully killed through a combination of the gross negligence of their driver, who was speeding and was more than three times the French drink-drive limit.

The book alleges Parisian investigators bungled the inquiry and that documents prove that there was a second body in the morgue when tests were carried out.

He claims there were inconsistencies in the blood samples taken, errors in identifying the body and said key witnesses were not allowed to give evidence at the inquest.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:25

SOURCE: Telegraph (UK) (3-15-10)

Germany hatched a plan during World War Two to infiltrate the Vatican with spies disguised as monks, according to secret MI5 intelligence reports.

A Nazi sympathiser living in Rome came up with the idea and it was quickly seized upon by officials in Berlin who saw it as the ideal opportunity to keep up with Allied activity in the city.

The plan is revealed in MI5 reports held at the National Archives in Kew and which have now been declassified - and it comes just days after other files revealed how Germany had also tried to infiltrate the Boy Scouts.
Operation Georgian Convent as it was called involved the purchase of a building in Rome by Michael Kedia, a Russian anti communist Nazi sympathiser from Georgia (Russian Republic of) who was also known to British intelligence.

According to the documents at Kew the idea gathered pace in the Autumn of 1943 as the Allies advanced up through Italy and the Germans were preparing to pull out of Rome.

MI5 was tipped off about the plan by Giuseppe Dosi, an Italian policeman who was acting as an informant to the British intelligence service and his report is in the file.
It reads how a "....plan was started whereby the immunity of the Vatican buildings in Rome was to be exploited to the advantage of the German Intelligence Service.

"The plan (involved the)...set up a Georgian cloister in Rome under Vatican protection and among the monks introduce agents who were to keep contact with German intelligence."

Dosi's report added how two rooms within the cloister were to "be set aside for the use of the agents for storage of transmitters, batteries and any other secret material."

Officials in Germany thought the idea of agents posing as monks and priests in a cloister would be the perfect cover for them and enable them to covertly carry out spying work as during the war the Vatican remained neutral.

Money was provided from Germany and a building to be used as the Georgian cloister was bought by Kedia in the Monteverde district of Rome, just to the north of St Peter's.

Six agents were sent to the cloister to pose as monks and seminarians but they aroused the suspicion of Vatican officials for their lack of knoweldge on Catholic doctrine - and their interest in women.
However, the plan was thwarted after a tip off to the Vatican who wrote a letter to Germany's Ambassador for the Holy See saying it had been informed of the plot and "deplored" by it.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:18

Name of source: National Parks Traveler

SOURCE: National Parks Traveler (3-16-10)

There are some memorable living history programs to be found across the National Park System, such as the one you find at Scotty's Castle in Death Valley National Park. A new one has just popped up at Joshua Tree National Park, one set in the 1940s.

The program, offered at Keys Ranch, offers a first-person look into the life and times of the Keys Family – residents of a remote desert homestead at the end of the Great Depression.

The year was 1940. Europe and Asia were at war. Japan had invaded China. France and England fought to fend off the relentless German Blitzkrieg. A popular American president prepared to run for an unprecedented third term in office. Celebrating a perceived end to the Great Depression, New York City began hosting the two-year World’s Fair in 1939. Robots, monorails and televisions introduced visitors to a seemingly bright future. How did these events affect the remote Mojave Desert? Was the Depression truly over for the family of William and Frances Keys and other desert dwellers? How did they make it through those difficult years?

For adventuresome visitors, the new interpretive tour of the Keys “Desert Queen” Ranch attempts to answer some of these questions. Using “Living History” techniques, a costumed guide engages ranch visitors with stories, historical facts, questions, and memories. A uniformed ranger introduces the tour and makes the transition to 1940 where visitors are encouraged to participate by asking questions about work, family, diet, school, medical care, and other aspects of pioner life. Eventually, the costumed guide

returns to the present so “the rest of the story” can be told. At that point, questions can be answered about post-1940 events and artifacts as well.

These tours are being offered on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays at 1 p.m. Reservations are suggested for all Keys Ranch tours as tours are limited to 25 people. Visitors without reservations or advance-purchase tickets are welcome if space is available.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:34

Name of source: BBC News

SOURCE: BBC News (3-16-10)

Swedish pop band Abba have been inducted into the US Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, along with British bands Genesis and The Hollies.

Abba's Benny Andersson and Anni-Frid Lyngstad accepted their trophies, but Bjorn Ulvaeus and Agnetha Faltskog did not attend the ceremony in New York.

Andersson said: "I speak for all of us, we are deeply, deeply honoured."

He added that the band, who had hits with Dancing Queen and Waterloo, would never perform together again.

'Rebellious and restless'

After winning the Eurovision song contest in 1974, Abba went on to release a string of hits, including Knowing Me, Knowing You and Super Trouper.

During the awards ceremony, Andersson accompanied Faith Hill on the piano as the country star sang one of their songs, The Winner Takes It All.

Lyngstad, who was once married to Andersson, said: "I am truly very touched by what once started as partnerships a long time ago - and that this has brought us here tonight."

Genesis were inducted by Trey Anastasio of Phish, whose band paid tribute to both incarnations of Genesis - the original line-up, fronted by Peter Gabriel, and the trio, led by drummer Phil Collins.

Anastasio called the band "rebellious, restless and constantly striving for something more".

He added: "Every musical rule and boundary was questioned and broken.

"It's impossible to overstate what impact this band and musical philosophy had on me as a young musician. I'm forever in their debt."

Gabriel did not attend the ceremony. Former bandmate Mike Rutherford said: "He has a very legitimate and genuine excuse. He's actually starting a tour."

One of The Hollies' founding members, Allan Clarke, recalled how, as a child, he told his father he was going to become a professional musician, only to be reminded that bands had a lifespan of three or four years.

"Well, Dad, I'm being inducted into a museum. How's that for longevity?" he joked.

Other inductees at the annual ceremony at The Waldorf-Astoria hotel were reggae superstar Jimmy Cliff and Iggy Pop and the Stooges.

Artists are only eligible for the Hall of Fame honour 25 years after the release of their first single.

Around 600 music industry professionals decide on who should be honoured.


Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 11:26

SOURCE: BBC News (3-14-10)

Nearly 30 years after Britain and Argentina went to war over the Falkland Islands, a pilot project has begun to rid the territory of some of the 20,000 landmines left behind and clean up land that has been off limits since the conflict, as the BBC's Rajesh Mirchandani reports.

Through the chill wind and rain, we drive up a rugged track to a craggy peak then clamber over rocks and down through soft muddy undergrowth, past sodden rain-filled trenches once used by fighting troops.

On the downward slope of this rainswept hillside, about 100 metres ahead of us, men in bulky orange outfits and thick plastic visors are moving slowly, some on all fours, across a tract of land from which the grass has been removed.

This is Sapper Hill, outside Port Stanley, a place mined by the Argentines and bombed by the British during the Falklands conflict. And for some 27 years since then, it has been too dangerous to walk on.

Now, from a safe distance, we watch the de-mining team, The group is from Zimbabwe but while they may be a long way from home, this is familiar territory.

"Because I come from a country with landmines, I know the potential dangers of mines," says one of them, Michael Madziva.

Inch by inch

This team has been here since December, and their work is painstakingly slow.

Inch by inch they clear themselves a path in which to work, alongside rows where they believe mines are buried.

They locate them using metal detectors and hand tools, clearing away vegetation and soil to expose lethal weapons, planted decades ago.

There are Spanish, Italian and Israeli mines, small circular anti-personnel ones and large heavy anti-vehicle explosives.

Their plastic cases are undamaged, their contents are still lethal. And after nearly 30 years in the soil, many are preserved in near pristine condition.

Warning signs

Following the Falklands conflict, there were initial attempts to clear mines, but many injuries resulted.

The British decided it was too dangerous and instead fenced off the minefields. Warnings were posted and stiff penalties imposed on anyone who jumped the fences for, say, an unusual photo opportunity.

And it seems to have worked because no-one has been hurt in years.

As a result (and because the Falklands has relatively few mines compared to the millions laid in countries such as Angola and Cambodia) the Falklands government says it would prefer to see money spent on clearance projects in places where people are still being injured or killed.

Under an international treaty - the Ottawa Convention - the British government was required to have cleared the Falklands of all mines by March 2009, but it asked for a 10-year extension.

The current clearance programme began in December and will continue until around June. It is designed to remove 1,250 devices and clear the corresponding territory. Their current tally is around 900, but some 20,000 remain.

Mine map

The cold wet weather slows their efforts as do the different types of terrain mined in the Falklands - from peaty soil to sandy beach.

What does help the clearance teams is knowing where the mines lie, thanks to careful plans left behind by the Argentines.

On a computer screen in the nearby office of the Falkland Islands Demining Programme, technical adviser Guy Marot clicks between an aerial photo of two cleared minefields and a hand-drawn diagram of the same spot, to demonstrate how reality matches the plan.

He scrolls through pages of numerical records, entitled Armada Argentina (Argentine navy) with tables of numbers corresponding to exact positions where mines were laid.

To date, he says, the records have been accurate.

"It does show us where the mines are, in what rows and in what configuration," he says.

"No army goes into a conflict with the intention of losing it. So they will always go in with the intention, having laid mines, of wanting to lift them. And they want to do that in the safest way possible, which means they can identify exactly where everything was laid."

Field sweep

But it is not just Argentine weapons they are looking for.

On Sapper Hill, next to the minefield, is a strip of land where the British dropped cluster munitions, a more random dispersal.

A team of men are carrying a large rectangular frame, one on each corner and one behind, and walking in careful lines.

They come from Lebanon, and are using a large metal detector to do a further sweep of this field that they have already cleared.

"Myself and my team are happy to clear munitions everywhere," one of the men, Houssam Hijazie, says.

"In my country especially, plus here in the Falklands, we are happy when we find any items … we feel that we save someone."

'Firing now'

A few miles away we are escorted along a closed road and stop a few hundred metres from a crescent-shaped strip of sand, backed by rugged rocks against which waves pound and roar.

This is Surf Beach, to the north of Stanley, but few would dare catch a wave here because the land between the road and the beach is one of the most densely-mined areas of the Falklands.

The de-miners have plans that show the locations of more than 1,000 mines across several sites. In excess of six hundred have been cleared.

From a safe distance, we watch as mines are detonated to destroy them.

The de-miners who will set off the charges, radio to the team leaders "Firing now" and a few seconds later, black soil is blasted into the air. A few seconds after that, we hear the boom.

It is clear their work could last for many more years.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:13

SOURCE: BBC News (3-15-10)

English Sporting icons don't come much bigger than Wembley Stadium but few realise that it owes some of its splendour to the labour of German prisoners of war .

The news, which follows an investigation by BBC Radio 4's Document programme, may come as a shock to many England fans who view Germany as their fiercest sporting rivals.

In 1948 the stadium was to host the Olympics and the area around needed to be redeveloped.

The trouble was that the carnage of WWII and the need to maintain a vast standing army had left Britain with a big manpower shortage.

The solution was to fill the gaps with German POWs, many of whom were still held captive in the country, nearly three years after the war had ended.

Initially it was decided that the POWs, who were housed in camps across Britain, would be put to work sweeping up cigarette butts and other sorts of rubbish and rubble.

The proposal led to an outcry in the press. It was widely feared that the sight of POW being used in this way so long after the war would reflect very badly on the country.

A columnist at the Daily Express wrote: "POW squad makes me blush for Britain. The games threaten to involve us all in one thoroughly unedifying event not on the programme.

"It is fair to assume that the Ministry of Labour will think very hard before indenting for a slave squad to operate quite so publicly and before quite so many overseas visitors."

Food rationing

Such concerns were shared by the Olympics Minister, Philip Noel Baker.

The archives show that after sharing his thoughts with government colleagues there was a change of plan. The POWs would not be used for rubbish clearance after all. Instead their labour would be deployed on building construction and the road leading to Wembley's hallowed turf.

The following announcement was made of behalf of Wembley Stadium Ltd: "In view of the adverse reaction they are now proceeding with the idea. They are however, employing German Prisoners of War on the preparatory work.

"The idea came to them because the local council, who are widening the approach roads, were using German Prisoner of War labour. The stadium authorities applied for German labour and are now employing 44 Germans out of a total of 123."

Ironically, Germany was not invited to compete in the games even though the labour of dozens of its captive nationals had been used to help build the infrastructure.

At one point, in 1946, there were 400,000 German prisoners of war in Britain. The majority were sent to work the land.

With Britain and much of Europe still in the grip of food rationing they were needed to harvest crops. At this time one in five farm workers in Britain were German POWs.

Although the conditions they lived in were much better than those in other parts of Europe and luxury compared to the dreadful Soviet labour camps, they faced harsh restrictions.

Under what was called the Fraternization ban they were initially forbidden to mix with local people.

Warning notices went up all over Britain: "German prisoners of war are being employed in this neighbourhood. These men are forbidden to fraternise with members of the public, except in so far as may be strictly necessary for the efficient performance of their work."

Without any news of when they would be allowed to go home, many German POWs suffered from depression and records show that some took their own lives.

Questions were raised in the House of Commons about why the men were still in captivity.

Public concern

Some argued that Britain was in breach of the Geneva Convention for not releasing the POWs as soon as fighting had finished.

The government denied the charge. It claimed that the convention did not apply because no actual peace deal had been signed with Germany which had surrendered unconditionally.

Ministers further insisted that the use of German POW labour was entirely justified because Germany had started the war and was therefore to blame for Britain's labour shortage.

But public concern at the POW's continued detention led to the rules being relaxed gradually.

By 1947 they were able to go to pubs and dances and some were even invited to British families' homes for Christmas dinner.

This was how POW Rudi Drabner, who had fought on the Russian front, met his wife to be, Anne, from Hawick in Scotland.

She had already been dating the dark, curly haired Rudi and asked her parents if he could join them on Christmas Day.

"My mother knew we were going together then and she said, well, you can bring him. She really liked him," she said.

Rudi, now 89 and with a shock of grey hair, nodded and smiled before saying: "It was nice, I enjoyed it right away."

When the last German POWs finally went home in July 1948, more than three years after the fighting had finished, Rudi was not amongst them.

Instead, he was one of 15,000 former German prisoners who had decided to settle in Britain.

Married to Anne for more than 60 years now, he still enjoys driving around Scotland's rural roads. To hear him talking it is as if he had never been a prisoner.

"When you get a bit of snow on the hill round about it looks beautiful with the sun shining on them. I've really enjoyed every day."


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:11

SOURCE: BBC News (3-15-10)

The internet celebrates a landmark event on the 15 March - the 25th birthday of the day the first dotcom name was registered.

In March 1985, Symbolics computers of Cambridge, Massachusetts entered the history books with an internet address ending in dotcom.

That same year another five companies jumped on a very slow bandwagon.

It took until 1997, well into the internet boom, before the one millionth dotcom was registered.

"This birthday is really significant because what we are celebrating here is the internet and dotcom is a good, well known placeholder for the rest of the internet," said Mark Mclaughlin, chief executive officer of Verisign the company that is responsible for looking after the dotcom domain.

"Who would have guessed 25 years ago where the internet would be today. This really was a groundbreaking event," he said.

Commercialisation

For most of the late 1980s and early 1990s hardly anyone knew what a dotcom was.

The need for some sort of organising principles became apparent as more bodies connected into the fledgling internet but there is confusion as to the exact genesis of dotcom.

It is unlikely that the early dotcoms were thought of as businesses as the early internet was not seen as a place for commerce but rather as a platform for governmental and educational bodies to trade ideas.

Scholars generally agree that a turning point was the introduction of the Mosaic web browser by Netscape that brought mainstream consumers on to the web.

With 668,000 dotcom sites registered every month, they have become part of the fabric of our lives.

Today people go to dotcom sites to shop, connect with friends, book holidays, be entertained, learn new things and exchange ideas.

"Dotcoms have touched us in a way we could not have imagined," Robert Atkinson of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) told BBC News.

"It used to be, 10 years ago you could live an okay life if you weren't engaged on a dot com site on a daily basis. You could get what you needed.

"But today we see how dotcoms have enriched our lives that if you are not engaged you would be fine but much further behind than the rest of us."

Proof of that Mr Atkinson said can be seen with how dotcoms have commercialised the internet "bringing consumers choice and value and businesses greater customer reach and profits".

A study by the ITIF claims that "the average profitability of companies using the internet increased by 2.7%".

The research also found that the economic benefits equal $1.5 trillion, which it says is "more than the global sales of medicine, investment in renewable energy and government investment in research and development combined".

By 2020 the internet should add $3.8 trillion (£2.5trillion) to the global economy, exceeding the gross domestic product of Germany, it found.

The future

An estimated 1.7 billion people - one quarter of the world's population - now use the internet.

Verisign's Mr McLaughlin only sees that figure growing over the next quarter of a century.

"I think that the way we access information today, mostly still through PCs and laptops is highly likely to change; that the voice will be more important than text input.

"I think the whole fabric of how we access, search, find and get information is going to be radically different."

At the moment Verisign logs 53 billion requests for websites - not just dotcoms - every day, about the same number handled for all of 1995.

"We expect that to grow in 2020 to somewhere between three and four quadrillion," Mr McLaughlin told BBC News.

One quadrillion is 1,000 billion.

It is a phenomenal pace of growth that would have been very difficult to predict 25 years ago when a small computer firm took the first pioneering steps into the connected world.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:07

SOURCE: BBC News (3-15-10)

Israel's ambassador to the US has said that relations between the two countries are at their lowest point for 35 years, Israeli media have reported.

Last week Israeli officials announced the building of 1,600 new homes in occupied East Jerusalem while US Vice-President Joe Biden was visiting.

The move was seen as an insult to the US. Palestinian leaders say indirect talks with Israel are now "doubtful".

But Israel's PM said Jewish settlements did "not hurt" Arabs in East Jerusalem.

Addressing Israel's parliament, the Knesset, Benjamin Netanyahu said he wanted peace negotiations, and hoped the Palestinians would not present "new preconditions" for talks.

"No government in the past 40 years has limited construction in neighbourhoods of Jerusalem," he said.

"Building these Jewish neighbourhoods in Jerusalem does not hurt the Arabs of East Jerusalem or come at their expense."

Meanwhile, EU foreign policy head Baroness Ashton, who is on a Middle East tour, said Israel's decision had put the prospect of indirect talks with the Palestinians in jeopardy.

'Difficult period'

Previously the Israeli government had played down the strain in relations with the US.

But Israel's ambassador to the US, Michael Oren, told a conference call with Israeli consuls general in the US that "the crisis was very serious and we are facing a very difficult period in relations", the Israeli media reported on Monday.

On Friday, Mr Oren was summoned to the state department and was reprimanded about the affair, the Israeli Ynet News website reported.

Ynet quoted the ambassador as saying "Israel's ties with the US are in the most serious crisis since 1975".

In 1975, US-Israeli relations were strained by a demand from then US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger that Israel's Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin partially withdraw its troops from the Sinai Peninsula, where they had been since the 1967 Six-Day War.

The Haaretz newspaper said the ambassador's quote had been reported to it by four of the Israeli consuls general following the conference call on Saturday.

Mr Oren had appeared "tense and pessimistic", the consuls general told the newspaper.

They were instructed to lobby members of congress and Jewish community leaders and tell them Israel had not intended to cause offence.

"These instructions come from the highest level in Jerusalem," Haaretz quoted Mr Oren as saying.

The Israeli embassy in Washington has not yet commented publicly on the story.

The EU, as part of the Middle East Quartet, has already condemned Israel's decision to build new homes in East Jerusalem.

Speaking to members of the Arab League in Cairo on Monday, Lady Ashton said the move had "endangered and undermined the tentative agreement to begin proximity talks".

She added: "The EU position on settlements is clear. Settlements are illegal, constitute an obstacle to peace and threaten to make a two state-solution impossible."

'Insult'

On Sunday, a top aide to US President Barack Obama said Israel's announcement of plans to build 1,600 homes for Jews in East Jerusalem was "destructive" to peace efforts.

David Axelrod said the move, which overshadowed Mr Biden's visit to Israel, was also an "insult" to the United States.

Just hours before the announcement Mr Biden had emphasised how close relations were, saying there was "no space" between Israel and the US.

Mr Netanyahu has tried to play down the unusually bitter diplomatic row between the two allies.

He said the announcement was a "bureaucratic mix-up" and that he "deeply regretted" its timing.

Under the Israeli plans, the new homes will be built in Ramat Shlomo in East Jerusalem.

The Palestinians are threatening to boycott newly agreed, indirect talks unless the Ramat Shlomo project is cancelled.

Close to 500,000 Jews live in more than 100 settlements built since Israel's 1967 occupation of the West Bank and East Jerusalem. The settlements are considered illegal under international law, although Israel disputes this.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:05

Name of source: Spiegel Online

SOURCE: Spiegel Online (3-10-10)

Germany approved the requisite legislation back in 2002, but many of those who worked in Jewish ghettos during World War II are still waiting for their pensions. Indeed, up to 90 percent of applicants have been rejected. Now, though, a new reading of the law could break the logjam, and cost Berlin up to 2 billion euros.

Abraham Leibenson, born in 1925, was a construction worker from the Lithuanian city of Radviliskis who was imprisoned in the Stutthof and Dachau concentration camps during World War II. His entire family perished in the Holocaust. Leibenson later moved to the Israeli city of Bat Yam, just south of Tel Aviv. He suffered from heart trouble and had very little money.

In the summer of 2002, Leibenson heard about a new law that had been passed by the German parliament. It promised a modest pension to Jews who had worked a regular job in the Nazi ghettos. Leibenson had been employed in a number of positions in the ghetto of the city of Siauliai, working in agriculture, railway construction and at a nearby airfield.

He submitted an application to the appropriate authority, the regional German state pension agency in Düsseldorf -- and received a rejection notice. He filed a complaint with the Social Court in Düsseldorf -- and lost. He appealed to the State Social Court in Essen -- and lost again. Finally, he lodged an appeal with the Federal Social Court in Kassel. That was last year.

On Feb. 18, 2010, Abraham Leibenson died at the age of 84 without receiving a cent from the German state pension scheme. "He was extremely disappointed," says his widow, Ettel Leibenson, "but that's probably their policy -- to wait long enough for them all to die, so it costs as little as possible."

Over 90 Percent Denied

Germany's so-called Ghetto Pension Law (ZRBG) was designed as an unbureaucratic and swift measure to close a gap in the country's Nazi-era compensation -- at least that's what proponents of the bill intended in 2002. But the opposite has occurred. State pension agencies have denied over 90 percent of the roughly 70,000 applications submitted to date. "Every day 30 to 35 survivors die," an Israeli government delegation told representatives of the German Ministry of Social Affairs last Wednesday. Nearly half of the applicants live in Israel.

Government insurance bureaucrats and judges in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia are largely to blame for the high rejection rates. They have been assigned the cases of claimants living in Israel. When in doubt, they interpret the law in a way detrimental to the survivors. Even though the law refers to "remuneration" rather than salary, applicants have been rejected if, for example, they received food stamps for their work. Officials have also cast doubt on whether they worked "of their own free will," as it is formulated in the law. Many applicants have been erroneously classified as forced laborers, although lawmakers in Berlin very deliberately separated the current legislation from forced laborer compensation.

Historians were rarely consulted at the outset. State pension officials and judges preferred to rely on superficial reference works, like the Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia, as a basis for their decisions. In many cases, they even maintained that there had been no ghetto in the city in question. They often relied on a database maintained by the Karl Ernst Osthaus Museum, located in the western German town of Hagen. The museum documents just 400 ghettos in Eastern Europe -- but the Russian historian Ilya Altman has counted 800 ghettos in just the region encompassing the former Soviet Union....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:07

Name of source: The Mainichi Daily News

SOURCE: The Mainichi Daily News (3-10-10)

Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which suffered U.S. atomic bombings at the end of World War II, reacted fiercely Tuesday to a government-appointed panel's acknowledgement of the existence of Japan-U.S. secret pacts, including one allowing the introduction of nuclear weapons into the country.

"As the government of the only country to have suffered atomic bombings, I must say it is pathetic. The state must apologize to the people for lying to them," said Sunao Tsuboi, the head of the Hiroshima chapter of the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organization, known as Nihon Hidankyo.

"How did previous prime ministers dare to come to peace memorial ceremonies on Aug. 6?" he said, while expressing expectations that Japan's three non-nuclear principles will be made into law.

Hiroshima Gov. Hidehiko Yuzaki released a statement saying it would be "extremely regrettable" if the non-nuclear principles forbidding the possession, manufacture or introduction of nuclear weapons in the country had been contravened....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:05

SOURCE: The Mainichi Daily News (3-14-10)

The Koyanagi File -- an extensive collection of testimonies on the Pacific War by former navy ministers and commanding officers of the Imperial Japanese Navy -- will be released to the public for the first time in April.

The file, consisting of some 4,000 pages in 44 volumes, was compiled by the Suiko-kai, an association of retired Japanese naval officials, based on interviews conducted by Vice Admiral Tomiji Koyanagi (1893-1978) with a total of 47 former navy ministers, admirals and other top officials of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1956 and 1961.

The file had been kept confidential for nearly half a century, and former naval officials had maintained strict silence with the media after the war. However, the association has decided to publish the file this year, hoping that "the valuable materials will contribute to promoting research after most of the witnesses have passed away."

Among the members of the "Silent Navy," where brevity was considered a virtue, former Navy Minister and Chief of the Navy General Staff Shigetaro Shimada in particular was known as a person of very few words.

Historical novelist Kazutoshi Hando, who interviewed Shimada twice, recalls: "He met with me at the entrance of his house. I told him there was something I needed to ask him, but he just kept staring at my face and wouldn't say a word whatsoever. In the end, I left his home after just five minutes."

The record, however, includes the very rare testimonies of Shimada, who shares his views on his responsibility as navy minister for the wartime Hideki Tojo government, as well as his memories of Tojo after the war....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 10:04

Name of source: Syracuse Post-Standard

SOURCE: Syracuse Post-Standard (3-14-10)

Oswego, NY - Civil War and French and Indian War re-enactors joined politicians and other Fort Ontario supporters at a rally today.

Closing the fort would save the state $110,000, according to the State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Closing or reducing services to it and 63 other state parks and historic sites would save the state $6.3 million a year.

The fort built on the site of the current attraction was built by the British in 1755. It was 2010-03-14-dn-ontario4.JPGDennis Nett/The Post-StandardChris Piering of Syracuse, re-enacting a Civil War era flag bearer, examines his flag during a rally to keep Fort Ontario open Sunday in Oswego.
destroyed by the French in 1756, and construction of a second British fort at this site began in 1759. This fort was abandoned in late 1777 during the Revolutionary War....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 09:58

Name of source: Central PA News

SOURCE: Central PA News (3-14-10)

Battle lines are being drawn again in Gettysburg.

It's economic development vs. historic preservation as philanthropist and former Conrail CEO David LeVan again tries to win a license for a casino on the outskirts of town.

A casino proposal four years ago was unsuccessful, in part because of heavy community opposition....

With pro-casino and no-casino camps disputing the most basic claims of the other, an undercurrent of division snakes through this historic area, which depends on more than a million visitors a year to its Civil War battlefield but which also has seen unemployment more than double in the last five years....

Tuesday, March 16, 2010 - 09:57

Name of source: National Geographic News

SOURCE: National Geographic News (3-12-10)

The tomb of a headless man adorned with jade has been discovered beneath an ancient Mexican chamber famously painted with scenes of torture.

Found under the Temple of Murals at the Maya site of Bonampak, the man was either a captive warrior who was sacrificed—perhaps one of the victims in the mural—or a relative of the city's ruler, scientists speculate (interactive map of the Maya Empire).

Whoever he was, "the place of the burial tells us that the person buried there was special," said anthropologist Emiliano Gallaga Murrieta via e-mail.

At the time of the murals' creation, about A.D. 790, Bonampak was a city of thousands. Today its most prominent vestige is a long-overgrown, partially excavated acropolis in the middle of a vast tropical rain forest in the southern state of Chiapas.

Monday, March 15, 2010 - 14:20

Name of source: New York Times

SOURCE: New York Times (3-13-10)

Visitors from around the world have turned an isolated ravine in central Russia into a pilgrimage site in recent years. They arrive to gaze at the unadorned earth where the Bolsheviks, in one final act to defile the dynasty that they toppled, are believed to have dumped the remains of Czar Nicholas II and his family in July 1918.

But now the site is being threatened by an unlikely opponent: the powerful Russian Orthodox Church, which to this day has not acknowledged that the bones retrieved there over the last two decades are those of the royals.

The church wants to build a large Russian Orthodox cemetery and cathedral at the site, effectively obliterating its historic and archaeological value, according to professionals who have worked at the site and experts on the royal family.

The church hopes to begin construction in April, when its leader, Patriarch Kirill I, visits for a groundbreaking ceremony in Yekaterinburg, in the foothills of the Ural Mountains.

Monday, March 15, 2010 - 14:13

Name of source: Discovery News

SOURCE: Discovery News (3-15-10)

Scientists were able to identify neurons and cerebral cells from the brain preserved from the 13th century.

An international team of researchers has identified intact neurons and cerebral cells in a mummified medieval brain, according to a study published in the journal Neuroimage.

Found inside the skull of a 13th century A.D. 18-month-old child from northwestern France, the brain had been fixed in formalin solution since its discovery in 1998.


Monday, March 15, 2010 - 14:08

SOURCE: Discovery News (3-10-10)

A long cooling period may have led to famine in Greenland and Iceland more than 1,000 years ago.

New research reveals just how bad an idea it was to colonize Greenland and Iceland more than a millennium ago: average temperatures in Iceland plummeted nearly 6 degrees Celsius in the century that followed the island's Norse settlement in about A.D. 870, a climate record gleaned from mollusk shells shows.

The record is the most precise year-by-year chronology yet of temperatures experienced by the northern Norse colonies, says William Patterson, an isotope geochemist at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada, who led the new work. The study will appear online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


Sunday, March 14, 2010 - 19:51

SOURCE: Discovery News (3-12-10)

George Mallory's camera may contain photographic evidence of whether he and Andrew Irvine were the first to summit Everest.

Tom Holzel really wants a camera. The problem is, the only camera that he'll settle for was lost somewhere on Mount Everest 86 years ago.

The lost camera is a Vestpocket Kodak that belonged to George Mallory, the climber who died just 2,030 feet below Everest's summit in 1924.

If the camera is intact, there is a possibility its photographic film is still recoverable and could contain vital images that could settle one of the great unsolved exploration mysteries of the 20th century: Were Mallory and Andrew Irvine the first to summit Everest or did they die painfully close to the top?


Sunday, March 14, 2010 - 19:45

SOURCE: Discovery News (3-10-10)

The 40,000-year-old site may hold the world's southernmost traces of early human life.

Australian archaeologists have uncovered what they believe to be the world's southernmost site of early human life, a 40,000-year-old tribal meeting ground, an Aboriginal leader said Wednesday.

The site appears to have been the last place of refuge for Aboriginal tribes from the cannon fire of Australia's first white settlers, said Michael Mansell of the Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre.


Saturday, March 13, 2010 - 16:07

Name of source: Metro (UK)

SOURCE: Metro (UK) (3-15-10)

A treasure trove of 200 World War II propaganda posters is being auctioned after being found in an old printing factory.

The posters, with famous slogans such as Keep Calm And Carry On and Careless Talk Costs Lives, were described by the Imperial War Museum as a ‘once in a lifetime’ find.
They lay gathering dust until an employee took them home. ‘They are quite a find and as minty as can be. I can remember seeing quite a few of them myself during the war,’ said Roy Butler, from auctioneers Wallis & Wallis in Lewes, East Sussex.

‘Many of the slogans have entered into the popular consciousness.’

The different attitudes towards women can be seen in the collection.

Attractive females feature in posters with titles such as ‘Tell Nobody – Not Even Her’ while others are portrayed as unreliable and femme fatales.

The A1 and A3- sized posters are expected to fetch up to £160 per lot of four on March 23.

Monday, March 15, 2010 - 13:20

Name of source: CNN

SOURCE: CNN (3-14-10)

Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger was discharged from a hospital in Seoul on Sunday after being treated for a stomach virus.

He is "in good spirits," said Dr. John Linton of Yonsei Severance Hospital.

Kissinger was hospitalized Saturday. A special medical team conducted a check-up and an MRI scan and took X-rays, but found nothing serious, hospital staffers said.


Sunday, March 14, 2010 - 19:09

Name of source: Houston Chronicle

SOURCE: Houston Chronicle (3-13-10)

The State Board of Education tentatively approved new standards for social studies Friday with members divided along party lines — some blasting them as a fraud and conservative whitewash, others praising them as a tribute to the Founding Fathers that rightly portrays America as an exceptional country.

The standards, which will influence history and government textbooks arriving in public schools in fall 2011, were adopted by 10 Republicans against five Democrats after weeks of debate and across a racial and ideological chasm that seemed to grow wider as the proposal was finalized Thursday.

The document faces a public hearing and a final board vote in May.

The often contentious process has been watched closely across the nation, particularly this week as the board gathered to debate and vote on the proposed standards. Because of Texas' size, decisions by the board on what should and should not be included can influence publishers whose textbooks may be adopted by other states.

Democrats on the board — all of them black or Hispanic — complained the new standards dilute minority contributions to Texas and U.S. history.

“We have been about conservative versus liberal. We have manipulated the standards to insist on what we want to be in the document, regardless whether it's appropriate,” said Mavis Knight, D-Dallas. “We are perpetrating a fraud on the students of this state.”

But Terri Leo, R-Spring, called the proposal “a world class document” and told her Democratic colleagues the board has “included more minorities and historical events than ever before ... I am very disappointed at those allegations because they are simply not true.”...

Sunday, March 14, 2010 - 16:16