sanitation 
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SOURCE: Bloomberg CityLab
11/5/2021
Where Did the Public Toilets Go?
Peter Baldwin offers context for how American cities haltingly adopted and quickly abandoned public toilets, a story that encompasses the racial, gender and class politics of how people interact in urban space.
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SOURCE: New York Times
8/14/2020
How the World’s Largest Garbage Dump Evolved Into a Green Oasis
Freshkills is possibly the least likely poster child for urban ecological restoration in the world, and it is radical not just for the way it works — by encouraging flora and fauna do as they please — but for its sheer size. It is almost unbelievable that New York City would set aside a parcel of land as big as Lower Manhattan south of 23rd Street — and just let it go to seed.
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SOURCE: The Guardian
5/22/2020
Coronavirus Will Reshape Our Cities – We Just Don't Know How Yet
Disease has been a catalyst for significant changes in urban infrastructure; history suggests COVID-19 will be no different, though what those changes might be is uncertain.
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SOURCE: Atlas Obscura
4/8/2020
In 19th-Century America, Fighting Disease Meant Battling Bad Smells
Melanie Kiechle, a history professor at Virginia Tech, foul smells or "miasmas" were considered to indicate risk of disease before the germ theory of disease developed.
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SOURCE: Fast Company
3/24/2020
The Untold Origin Story of the N95 Mask
The most important design object of our time was more than a century in the making.
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