European history 
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4/30/2023
Recognizing the "Other Renaissance" of Northern Europe
by Paul Strathern
From Copernicus to Shakespeare, the intellectual transformations of northern Europe have seldom been understood as a world-changing ferment akin to those taking place in Italy.
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3/26/2023
An American Witness to the European Movement Against the Iraq Invasion
by Brian Sandberg
The European Social Forum, held in Florence in November 2002, didn't stop the US invasion of Iraq. But it did usher in an era of pan-european civic action that remains powerful today.
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SOURCE: New York Times
1/30/2023
The Secrets of Bog People
Scholars have released a comprehensive survey of bodies discovered in bogs, including a database of more than 1,000 bodies from 266 sites spanning approximately 7,000 years of northern European history.
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SOURCE: Lucid (Substack)
12/7/2022
What, Exactly, Is Fascism?
by Ruth Ben-Ghiat
Are you confused about the meaning of Fascism? If so, you're not alone. Benito Mussolini, the creator of Fascism, famously did not define it until 1932.
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SOURCE: New York Times
11/30/2022
Study: Ashkenazi Jews Have Become More Genetically Similar over Time
Analysis of remains from a medieval Jewish cemetery in Germany suggests that two distinct populations of Jews that remained largely separate before merging about 1,000 years ago.
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SOURCE: New York Times
11/22/2022
Eastern Europe Brought Soccer Into the Modern Age. Why is it a Wasteland Now?
A legacy of innovation spurred by Hungarian clubs in the 1930s and 1950s sustained high quality soccer in eastern Europe through the fall of communism, but changing economic and social currents have diminished the competitiveness of former eastern bloc countries in today's big-money game.
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SOURCE: Washington Post
11/1/2022
Melting European Glaciers Yielding Artifacts Faster than Archaeologists Can Keep Up
Artifacts trapped in glacial ice are valuable because they are preserved; for archaeologists, climate change means both glaciers and artifacts are at risk.
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SOURCE: Associated Press
9/1/2022
Poland Seeking $1.3 Trillion in World War II Reparations from Germany
The Polish government referenced a recently completed report documenting the costs to Poland of war, and argued that reconciliation between the nations could best be served by a payment.
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SOURCE: Made By History at the Washington Post
9/1/2022
The Danger of Encouraging Americans to Inform on Each Other
by Christine Adams
Governors like Virginia's Glenn Youngkin are repeating a tactic of despots throughout history: encouraging the public to denounce individuals to the authorities. Whether its witches or teachers, this is a formula for intimidation and conformity.
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SOURCE: The New Republic
9/1/2022
Review: What Took Freud So Long to See the Danger of Remaining in Occupied Austria?
by Patrick Blanchfield
"If Freud himself, so attuned to the dark undercurrents of human behavior and so critical of our wishful illusions, proved unable to think clearly even as his country became unrecognizable around him and as nightmare after nightmare became real, what are our chances now?"
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7/8/2022
Cassandra Calls from the Age of Metternich
by Niels Eichhorn
The European reaction against the French revolution and the Napoleonic wars shows the insecurity of liberty.
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SOURCE: iNews
6/16/2022
The Secret of Successful Royal Marriage? History Says it's a Mistress
by Kate Lister
The transactional nature of royal marriages meant that bonds of affection or attraction between parties was an afterthought, making royal paramours (for kings, at least) commonplace.
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SOURCE: The Atlantic
4/12/2022
Do Europe's Ex-Royals Have Anything to Offer in the 21st Century?
"They are royal but not royal, monarchs without thrones, caught between the past and the future. A surprising number of them have gone into politics. What do their countries want from them?"
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SOURCE: The Atlantic
3/26/2022
What Happens When Kids Get Their History from Video Games?
Bret Devereaux is trying to lead fellow historians to understand the influence a number of popular strategy games have for students understanding of both historical fact and the "mechanics" of historical change.
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3/27/2022
Brexit and European War Mark Another Chapter in the Saga of Reinventing Britishness
by Dominic Selwood
The good news for Brits struggling with national identity in the wake of Brexit and under the threat of war? Britishness has been a constantly negotiated and evolving idea for centuries.
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3/20/2022
Can Volodymyr Zelensky Follow the Footsteps of 19th Century Hungarian Liberal Lajos Kossuth?
by Tim Roberts
In 1851, Hungarian liberal and anti-imperialist Lajos Kossuth caused a sensation with an ultimately unsuccessful appeal to Congress for aid. What will the effects of Ukrainian President Zelensky's appeal be?
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SOURCE: Smithsonian
3/14/2022
How Four Interwar American Journalists Saw the Rise of European Totalitarianism
by Karin Wulf
Deborah Cohen's new book looks to the stories of four American journalists to understand what the world saw clearly about the rise of Hitler and Stalin and what they missed.
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SOURCE: Salon
3/1/2022
Too Much Reality: Putin's Invasion Inevitably Surfaces Europe's Dark Past
by Jim Sleeper
Responses to the Russian invasion of Ukraine can't turn away from the possibility of mass atrocity like those visited on Eastern European Jews and resistance fighters by Nazis and Stalinists.
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SOURCE: NPR
2/24/2022
Mary Elise Sarotte on the Buildup to the Ukraine Invasion
The School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) professor discusses the post-Cold War paths of Ukraine and Russia as the context for this week's invasion, and argues that reviving lapsed treaties on intermediate nuclear forces and troop levels in Europe could support a cease-fire.
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SOURCE: Wall Street Journal
2/21/2022
Why Putin is Outfoxing the West
by Walter Russell Mead
Containing Russia's ambitions isn't impossible, but requires both acknowledging Putin's imperial goals and developing a coherent strategy beyond defusing each successive crisis and moving on.