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Europe



  • Fascism, Russia, and Ukraine

    by Timothy Snyder

    The Ukrainian government is telling itself that its opponents are Jews and us that its opponents are Nazis.



  • Will Ukraine Break Apart?

    by Masha Lipman

    In Ukraine’s two decades as an independent state, the prospect of disintegration has never looked so real.



  • Ukraine’s Bumpy Road to Europe

    by Niall Ferguson and Pierpaolo Barbieri

    Looking forward eagerly to Ukraine’s first step toward E.U. membership.



  • Neanderthals may have made tools from bone

    Adding to the accumulating evidence that Neanderthals were more sophisticated than previously thought, scientists in Europe said that they had unearthed strong evidence that the early hominins — often typecast as brutish, club-lugging ape-men — fashioned their own specialized bone tools.In a report published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, archaeologists described the discovery of four fragments of bone tools known as lissoirs at two Neanderthal sites in southwest France.The implements are the oldest specialized bone tools found in Europe, said study lead author Marie Soressi, an archaeologist from Leiden University in the Netherlands....



  • Scientists have found new evidence to show how early humans migrated into Europe

    Humans originated in Africa. But what route did they take as they began to disperse around the world 60,000 years ago? A new professor at the University of Huddersfield has played a key role in finding the answer to one of the most fundamental questions in the history of mankind.Professor Richards, who moved to Huddersfield from the University of Leeds, is a pioneer in the field -- one of just two professors of archaeogenetics in the world. He uses DNA evidence to study human origins, comparing data from modern samples across the world and occasionally to that which can be obtained from ancient sources such as skeletal remains and fossilised teeth. It leads to a vivid picture of the migration patterns of humankind and the origins of civilisation....